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Stay ahead of the curve with our fleet management glossary, empowering you to navigate industry terminology effortlessly.
Think of a glossary like your language cheat sheet. No more scratching your head over confusing words; the glossary is your go-to buddy for decoding the language and keeping things crystal clear!
A business mileage claim is a request made to the UK Government in order to reduce the amount of tax that needs to be paid at the end of the year. Business mileage is an expense which an employee is required to take as a direct result of work-related travel.
The Controller Area Network (CAN) bus is a communication system used in vehicles. It operates on a message-based protocol, facilitating seamless communication among electronic devices in a vehicle without requiring a central host computer. This network, aptly named "Controller Area Network," enables vehicles to efficiently exchange information between different components within the vehicle.
In fleet management, carbon emissions refer to the release of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere from vehicles.
These emissions are primarily the exhaust gases produced by internal combustion engines running on petrol or diesel. Managing and reducing these emissions is integral for fleets to comply with environmental regulations and to meet sustainability goals.
In fleet management, a carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions generated both directly and indirectly by the fleet's operations.
These emissions encompass CO₂ and other greenhouse gases released into the earth’s atmosphere. Managing a fleet’s carbon footprint involves tracking these emissions and implementing strategies to reduce them, thereby promoting sustainability and regulatory compliance.
In fleet management, carbon reporting enables detailed monitoring of the fleet’s carbon footprint by providing comprehensive CO₂ emissions data for each vehicle and journey.
This reporting helps fleet managers identify high-emission areas and track progress towards sustainability goals in order to more reliably meet them while ensuring compliance with environmental regulations.
Dash cams are on-board recording devices that are generally mounted onto the dashboard of a vehicle. From there, these cameras collect a video recording of a fleet vehicle’s surroundings, whether it is stationary or on the road.
Digital tacho symbols refer to the indicators on a tachograph which show the activity status of a fleet driver. For instance, they are primarily used to record a driver’s driving, break, and rest times. As such, these symbols collectively represent a set of preconfigured modes designed in order to collect various insightful measurements.
The aim of every fleet is to be more efficient regarding both fuel and time, all while maintaining legal compliance. Digital tachographs streamline the processes involved within these areas, making them an essential tool for fleet managers.
A driver vehicle inspection report, often referred to by its acronym DVIR, is an official record which certifies that a driver of a commercial vehicle has completed a full inspection of that vehicle. In the UK, this is known as a walkaround check.Throughout these inspections, the driver must make note of any issues or defects present on their vehicle. In this way, DVIRs support fleet compliance and safety. It’s required that DVIRs are performed both at the beginning and end of a day during a fleet operation.
An Electronic Braking Performance Monitoring System (EBPMS) is an advanced tool designed to monitor, analyse, and document brake performance data of commercial vehicles during daily fleet operations. EBPMS detects braking events initiated by drivers, adjusting braking force in response to speed reduction or reaching minimum velocity thresholds.
The system uses a vast array of data points captured before, during, and after braking events. These include changes in vehicle speed, demand pressure, timestamp, axle load, and road gradient. Moreover, EBPMS continuously assesses braking system efficiency during vehicle operation. It calculates braking capacity by monitoring data and generating brake values relative to the maximum static axle load for specific pressure requirements.
ELDs, also known as electronic logbooks, are devices which connect to the engine of a commercial vehicle so as to allow fleet drivers to automatically track the activities they carry out throughout the day.In December 2017, ELDs were made compulsory in the U.S. by the FMCSA. Likewise, if a UK driver has eight or more days’ worth of duty status logs, then they are also obligated to have an ELD installed into their vehicle. Therefore, these pieces of hardware are a legal requirement.
Engine idling occurs when the engine continues to run while the vehicle remains stationary. Common instances of unnecessary idling include drivers leaving the engine on during heavy traffic, at red lights, while unloading packages, or during breaks.
While some idling situations are inevitable, there are measures which fleet managers can implement to minimise their frequency.
An ETA is the expected time and date when a fleet vehicle is predicted to reach either a specific waypoint or its final destination during a delivery or shipment.
In this context, knowing the ETA for a job is significant because it allows fleet managers to minimise delays which directly lead to losses in both time and money, the two fundamental pillars of fleet efficiency.
Further still, accessing ETAs also means fleet managers can inform clients of delivery times so that they can anticipate arrival. Such reporting is vital in that it improves the level of customer satisfaction a business or company receives.
Fleet risk management refers to the processes and strategies whereby organisations identify, assess, and mitigate both the physical and regulatory risks associated with their vehicle fleets.
Fundamentally, a fuel management system is a set of tools designed to monitor, manage, and optimise the fuel-related aspects of a vehicle fleet. These systems represent a way of improving fuel efficiency, productivity and, consequently, cost control by tracking fuel usage in real-time.
Geofencing in fleet management refers to the use of geographic boundaries which are defined through GPS technology to create virtual perimeters around specific areas or routes. This technology allows fleet managers to set up predefined geographical zones, or ‘geofences’, and receive alerts or trigger certain actions when a vehicle enters or exits these designated areas.
The term gross vehicle weight, often referred to as GVW, consists of the total weight of individual or multiple fleet vehicles, such as trucks, trailers, and HGVs. It is a key factor in fleet management because excessive weight or imbalance can pose risks to drivers and other road users.
To maintain compliance in this regard, specific regulations are in place, mandating fleet managers to follow guidelines which ensure even distribution of gross vehicle weight.
The term 'Heavy Goods Vehicle,' usually abbreviated as HGV, refers to any vehicle weighing over 3,500 kg, inclusive of its carried cargo.
The term 'hours of service' (HOS), often abbreviated as such, delineates a set of regulations enforced by governmental traffic authorities. These regulations play an important role in governing the working hours of individuals employed in the transportation sector, including professions such as truck drivers, bus operators, and mail carriers.
A light goods vehicle, commonly referred to as an LGV, is classified as a commercial vehicle with a total gross weight not exceeding 3,500kg (3.5 tonnes).
Many fleet transportation options fall under this definition, with the category most notably including vans and pick-up trucks.
The term route optimisation refers to the process of choosing the most advantageous travel paths for fleet vehicles. While minimising fuel costs is the most immediate and desirable consequence, the primary objective of route optimisation is to heighten overall fleet efficiency.
Therefore, merely considering the distance between two any given points doesn't suffice in route optimisation. Instead, a comprehensive optimisation strategy acknowledges that multiple variables influence the efficiency of a route. Namely, factors such as the traffic flow, frequency of turns, and accessibility to essential facilities like fueling stations or rest stops significantly determine the effectiveness of a chosen path.
Service intervals refer to the recommended frequency for vehicle servicing, typically determined by factors such as elapsed time, odometer readings, or engine operation hours.
Maintenance stands as a significant factor in ensuring longevity and optimal performance for fleet vehicles. By proactively addressing both potential and existing issues, maintenance efforts minimise downtime as well as the associated costs. Additionally, adhering to regular service intervals not only upholds warranty requirements, but also maximises the resale or future trade-in value of the vehicle.
Telematics refers to systems comprising various technologies such as telecommunications devices for data transmission and storage, vehicle-integrated systems for live tracking, and satellite navigation.
These systems leverage GPS technology and onboard diagnostics (OBD), enabling the comprehensive monitoring of vehicles and assets. By precisely pinpointing a vehicle's real-time location and speed, telematics has evolved from a broad term to a specialised tool primarily associated with fleet management.
A telematics device is a piece of hardware that generally consists of a GPS receiver, an engine interface unit, an accelerometer, a communicative buzzer, a SIM card, and an input/output port for external computer connectivity. Being so equipped, telematics devices track the real-time location of every vehicle within a fleet while collecting a range of more technical data from each by way of interacting with onboard electronic sensors and diagnostic codes.
Total cost of ownership refers to a financial examination spanning the entire lifecycle of a capital purchase. It delves into the expenses associated with owning an asset, encompassing both short-term and long-term operational costs.
This term commonly arises in the context of evaluating an organisation's fleet expenditures, comprising numerous factors that may be overlooked in vehicle procurement decisions. It accounts for the initial acquisition cost, potential resale value, and all intermediary expenses including fuel and maintenance.
As their name implies, tyre pressure monitoring systems are engineered to continuously monitor tyre air pressure and issue alerts upon detecting abnormalities, such as underinflation.
TPMS plays a vital role in enhancing the lifespan of fleet vehicles' tyres. By aiding fleet managers in maintaining optimal tyre pressure, TPMS mitigates vehicle downtime, ensuring fleet vehicles remain roadworthy and operate efficiently.
Vehicle downtime encompasses any period during which a vehicle is unavailable for use, regardless of the cause. Typically, it arises due to malfunctions or damages which require repairs or part replacements. However, various factors can contribute to such downtime, impacting fleet operational efficiency and productivity.
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